Returning Home⑫|Long-lost Ecological Beauty: The New Charm of The Old Mining District

冬日暖阳下的元宝山,抬头是碧蓝如洗的天空,俯瞰是五彩斑斓的林海。几只白鹭穿林而过,吸引了众多晨练居民的目光。

On Mt. Yuanbao under the wintry sunshine, it is pure blue sky when looking upward but a colorful sea of forests when looking down below. A few erects flying through the forest attracted crowds of people doing morning exercises.

元宝山曾是一座废弃矿山,经过生态修复后,成为河北邯郸峰峰矿区的城市生态公园。"早些年,野鸡、野兔在元宝山都绝迹了,现在这里重披绿装后,许多小动物又回来了!"峰峰矿区自然资源和规划局二级主任科员罗文辉说。

Mt. Yuanbao, which used to host an abandoned coalmine, has become an urban ecopark after the ecology has been repaired and restored. "Some years ago, pheasants and hares were nowhere to be seen on Mt. Yuanbao. Now, after being greened, many small animals have returned," said Luo Wenhui, a second-class principal staff member of the Fengfeng Mining District Natural Resources and Planning Bureau.

因山而名、因矿而兴,有着百年矿业开采史的峰峰矿区,其实有着更为悠久的山水文化烙印。"神麇之山,滏水出焉。"据考证,《山海经》中提到的神麇山就是现在的元宝山,滏水就是被称为邯郸"母亲河"的滏阳河。

Famous for the hill and prosperous for coal mining, the Fengfeng Mining District has a century-old mining history. In fact, it is deeply stamped with landscape cultures. It has been verified that Mt. Shenjun that is mentioned in "Shan Hai Jing", a classic on mountains and rivers, is the present Mt. Yuanbao and the river Fushui mentioned in it is the Fuyang River, a mother river of Handan.

元宝山经过生态修复,山上树木茂盛、郁郁葱葱,山下溪水常流、群泉喷涌。杜军海 摄

There are exuberant trees on Mt. Yuanbao and ever-flowing streams and springs down below after the local ecology has been restored. (Photo by Du Junhai)

"提到峰峰,绝大多数人首先想到的是煤矿,其实这里也曾是草木丰美的地方。"邯郸市地方史志专家李春社告诉记者,上世纪七八十年代,峰峰矿区几乎家家户户都过着"靠山吃山""靠矿吃矿"的日子,全区最高峰时有上百处矿,山体被挖得千疮百孔。丰富的矿产资源给这里带来了财富,也带来了严重污染。

"The first thing in the minds of most people about Fengfeng is coalmine. In fact, it used to be a place famous for its abundant grass and forests," said Li Chunshe, a local chronicle expert in Handan. "In the 1970s and 1980s, almost every family in the Fengfeng Mining District lived solely on what was available locally. There were almost 100 mining pits in the peak period. The hill was riddled with holes and pits. The rich coal resources brought people not only wealth but also grave pollution.

党的十八大以来,"绿水青山就是金山银山"理念深入人心,百年矿区开始还林于山、还绿于民。"2014年起,峰峰矿区在邯郸市率先开展采矿业秩序治理和全域拆违、全域修复,先后关停取缔矿山开采企业41家,对排查出的98处废弃采矿迹地进行治理。"罗文辉说,目前这98处露天矿山均已修复完成,面积约2.8万亩,栽植各类苗木400多万株。

The concept of "lush mountains are mountains of gold and silver" has found itself into the hearts of the people since the 18th National Party Congress. The Fengfeng Mining District has begun to plant trees. "Starting from 2014, the Fengfeng Mining District was the first to start in the city of Handan a campaign of putting in order the mining operations, dismantling all structures that had been put up without permission and restoring the ecology in the entire district. It has shut 41 mining enterprises and repurposed 98 abandoned coal pits," said Luo Wenhui. Up to the present, it has finished eco-restoration in 98 open-pits, covering 28,000 mu (1,866 hectares) and planted 4 million trees.

元宝山"重披绿装变景山",成为峰峰矿区的城市生态公园。李琰 摄

Mt. Yuanbao has become green again, becoming an urban eco-park. (Photo by Li Yan)

回忆起修山过程,罗文辉不禁感叹:"在岩石上种树太难了!像元宝山,山体陡峭,机械上不去、站不稳,只能人工往山上背树苗,然后用钢钎、铁锤等工具凿石开穴,用砸下来的石头垒砌成鱼鳞坑,再从石头缝里挖土填到坑中种树。"

Recalling the work of ecological restoration, Luo Wenhui could not but give a deep sign. "It was too hard to plant trees on stones. Mt. Yuanbao was so steep that large machines could not be used. We had to rely on people to carry saplings up the hill and used steel chips and hammers to drill holes in stone. Then we used the stone cut to build scale-line pits and collect soil from the seams of stones for planting trees."

人不负青山,青山定不负人。如今,修复后的元宝山郁郁葱葱,响堂山横亘南北,生态谷林海蔓延……"好山育好水,你看现在,滏河源溪水常流,黑龙洞群泉喷涌,滏阳河贯穿东西,越来越多的鸟类到峰峰繁殖、停歇、越冬。"十几年来,摄影爱好者杨元杰用5万余张照片,记录着峰峰的蝶变。

If we do not fail nature, nature shall never fail us. Nowadays, Mt. Yuanbao, after being restored, looks lush green. Mt. Xiangtang lies south-northward. The sea of forests in the eco-valley is extending outward. "Good hill nurtures good water. Now, you see, the Fuheyuan stream is ever flowing. The Heilongdong springs are welling up with water. The Fuyang River lies east-west. More and more birds have come to Fengfeng to multiply, stop over or winter," said Yang Yuanjie, a shutterbug who has over the past dozen years taken more than 50,000 pictures to record the gradual changes of the Fengfeng Mining District.

越来越多鸟类选择在峰峰矿区繁殖、停歇、越冬,成为生态环境持续向好的标志。杨元杰 摄

More and more birds have chosen the Fengfeng Mining District for multiplying, stopping over or wintering. The district has become an indicator that reflects the sustained improvement of the environment around it. (Photo by Yang Yuanjie )

"以前山是秃的、天是灰的、水是黑的,这里除了煤矿没什么可拍。"杨元杰告诉我们,现在不仅常见鸟类回来了,还有白天鹅、白鹭、长腿鹬等珍稀鸟类,在峰峰矿区都有发现,"我拍到的就有好几十种,许多鸟都叫不上名字。"

"In the past, there was nothing on the hill. The sky was grey and water was black. There was nothing except the coalmine that was worth recording," said Yang Yuanjie. "But now, not only common birds have returned but also more and more rare fowls such as swan, egret and piper can be found in the mining district. I've taken pictures of a score species of birds and many of them are unknown to me."

可以说,峰峰矿区是邯郸乃至整个河北矿山治理的一个缩影。作为矿业大省的河北,最高峰时曾有2万座矿山,不少地方的百姓鼓足了"钱袋子",却也丢了"好日子"。近年来,河北把矿山综合治理作为加强生态文明建设的重要抓手,从2014年起累计修复治理矿山迹地4000多处共40余万亩,曾经满目疮痍的矿山,都回归了原本的绿色。

The Fengfeng Mining District is but an epitome of mines harnessing in Handan and even the whole of Hebei Province. As a big mining province, Hebei used to have 20,000 mines in the peak period. People in many areas have found their money bags growing fatter but their good life lost. In recent years, Hebei has come to grip with the harnessing of mining areas as part of its efforts to build an ecological civilization. Starting from 2014, the province has repaired and harnessed more than 4,000 traces of mines, covering 400,000 mu (about 26,000 hectares). The once devasted mines have become green again.

Editor: Li Wenpei,Song Lifang,Cao Zikuo